What is Smouldering MGUS?
Abstract. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are asymptomatic, pre-malignant disorders characterized by monoclonal plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow and absence of end-organ damage.
What is considered smoldering myeloma?
Smoldering myeloma is a precancerous condition that alters certain proteins in blood and/or increases plasma cells in bone marrow, but it does not cause symptoms of disease. About half of those diagnosed with the condition, however, will develop multiple myeloma within 5 years.
Is MGUS precancerous?
MGUS is a precancerous condition. Precancerous means that it’s not cancer, but it has the potential to progress to cancer. Some people with MGUS go on to develop multiple myeloma or other blood cancers, but the majority do not.
Why is it called smoldering myeloma?
These abnormal cells can turn into multiple myeloma, a cancer of the bone marrow. But sometimes they may cause smoldering myeloma, named for the disease’s likelihood to get worse over time.
How long can myeloma Smoulder?
About 50 out of 100 people (50%) with smouldering myeloma develop symptoms and need treatment within the first 5 years. However, after 5 years the risk decreases and some people never develop symptoms or need treatment.
How do you know if you have smoldering myeloma?
While most individuals with SMM do not have any symptoms at first, they may develop symptoms if the condition progresses to multiple myeloma, including: bone pain. brittle bones. fatigue (lack of energy) and weakness.
How long do you live with smoldering multiple myeloma?
During 2131 cumulative person-years of follow-up (range, 0 to 29; median, 6.1), 85% of the patients with smoldering multiple myeloma died (median follow-up of those still living, 11.6 years).
What foods should be avoided with MGUS?
Since multiple myeloma makes your immune system weaker, you’ll need to steer clear of any foods that could make you sick, including:
- Raw meat or fish.
- Runny eggs.
- Unpasteurized drinks.
- Sushi.
- Unwashed fruits and vegetables.
Is there treatment for smoldering myeloma?
If you’re at high risk for active multiple myeloma, your doctor may prescribe a chemotherapy drug, lenalidomide (Revlimid), and dexamethasone. These treatments may help you prevent complications and live longer. Immunotherapy. This new type of treatment for smoldering multiple myeloma is in clinical trials.
Is smoldering myeloma rare?
It’s pretty rare. It does cause you to have high numbers of plasma cells in your bone marrow and a high level of a certain type of protein called M protein in your blood and urine. Smoldering multiple myeloma is similar to a disease called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).
Does smoldering myeloma always progress?
The good news is that it does not always progress and we can actually divide people up into those who are at low risk, intermediate risk, or high risk. If you have low risk smoldering myeloma, that’s almost the same risk of progression as what we call MGUS or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.
Does MGUS make you tired?
Looking Out for New Symptoms Be sure to let your healthcare provider know right away if you notice any new unexplained symptoms after you are diagnosed with MGUS. These might include fatigue, nerve or bone pain, weight loss, or night sweats.
What are some symptoms of MGUS?
MGUS does not usually cause any symptoms. But a small number of people with MGUS have numbness or tingling in their hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), or problems with their balance. This may be because of damage to their nerves caused by paraproteins in their blood.
Does MGUS always precede myeloma?
Plasma cell MGUS is stable but can sporadically progress to multiple myeloma (MM) at an average rate of about 1% per year. Most, if not all, MM tumors are preceded by plasma cell MGUS, which shares four partially overlapping oncogenic features with MM.
What is the difference between MGUS and multiple myeloma?
The standard of care for SMM is not to treat the patient but to “watch and wait.”
Is MGUS considered immunocompromised?
MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance) is a non-cancerous condition where the body makes an abnormal protein, called a paraprotein. MGUS is not a cancer, but people with it have a slightly higher risk of developing: myeloma (a cancer of blood cells called plasma cells) lymphoma (a cancer of blood cells called lymphocytes).
Are all myelomas preceded by MGUS?
Virtually all cases of multiple myeloma are preceded by a gradually rising level of MGUS. [ 28 – 30] The annual risk of progression of MGUS to a lymphoid or plasma cell malignancy ranges from 0.5% to 1.0% in population-based cohorts. [ 31, 32] This risk ranges from 2% to more than 20% in higher-risk patients.